atwater



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.`

J. B. ATWATBR- ELECTRIC MOTOR.

No. 306,805. y Patented 001;. 21, 1884.

N PETERS, Phoxo-Lnhugmplmr. washinglan. D. C.

-(N0 Model.) 2 SheBtS-Sheet' 2.

, J. B. ATWA'TER.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

N0. 806,805. Patented Oct. 21,1884.,

mi uuml -1 .-I ||||l mm1 lmllllllm IIiviTnn STATES FaTsrvT Tries.

JOHN B. ATVATEE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, OF PART TO JOSEPH B. LONG AND ABRAM M.

FENCE, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC moron.

.SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,805, dated October 21, 1884.

Application tiled January 3, 1884. (No model.)

u) al?. whom, ift may concern.:

Be it known that I7 JOHN B. ATWATER. a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electric Motors, of which the following is a specification.

The nature and object of this invention is to make one or more magnets that will have increased magnetic surface because of their peculiar formation, and armatures of peculiar formation to work in harmony with the magnets, the magnets being arranged in a stationary circular form, and the armatures being arranged Ain a circular form and revolving in tront of the magnets, and also a device for reversing the motion of armatures, as, will hereinafter appear. This is an improvement on rotary electro-magnetic motors for which Lettars Patent N o. 278,760 were issued to me, dated June 5, 1883.

Figure l is a plan view showing the magnets and armatures located in their respective circular forms. Fig. 2 is a detail side elevation of one magnet and armature. Fig. 3 is an end view of the magnet. Fig. 4 is a top view of magnet. Fig. 5 is a front view of armature. Fig. G is a'detail of device for reversing motion of armature-wheel.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts in the different drawings.

Only such parts will be described as refer to my improvement.

A, Fig. 1, is a crossbar of a suitable frame, which supports the various parts constituting my motor.

C is a central shaft, having its upper bearing in the boss located in cross-bar A, and its lower bearing in a suitable foot-bl.ock. To this central shaft, C, is xedly attached the wheel c n, which carries a number of armatures, D D D D, circularly and equidistantly arranged, as shown.

Between the armatures D D, and fastened by suitable studs, d d d d, are a series of horseshoe-magnets, E E E E, arranged in circular form., having coils I I I I, of ordinary insulated wire, and also provided with angular pole-eXtensions t t' 'i t', and all are held in proper position opposite the traveling armatures. These angular pole-extensions t' t' t t' are made tapering on three sides-that is, the top and bottom sides and the facing side. In the facing side the tapering is in circular form, making the toe of the pole-extension farther from the path of the armatures than the heels, and it' the line of the facing b were produced it would form a tangent to the path of the armatures. The upper and lower sides of these angular pole-extensions are tapering in form, as shown at t t t t, Figs. Zand 3, to give the same incline to approaching E-shaped armature that the facing or foot surface does. This form of the pole-extension makes the greatest attraction toward the heel. The angular pole-extensions of these magnets extend in the same direction, as shown in Fig. 1. The armature D is made in E shape-that is, it is composed of the vertical part h, the arms j j, extending from saine line on vertical part h, at each end thereof, and the central eXtension, 7c, between the two arms j j. These two devices-the magnets E E E E and armatures D D D Dare so arranged with reference to each other that as the armature-D passes bythe magnet E the arms 7' j pass above and be low,Y the angular poleextensions t' t v3 t', respectively, while the central extension, lr, passes between the two poles. In this construction of the magnet and armature, in addition to the usual end attraction, I secure three attractive surfaces on each pole, each of which extends the entire length of the angular poleextension.

The various magnets are arranged to work in sets, one haliof the number of magnets used being in one set, and the other half being in the other set, and each set is again divided, so that one-halt' of each set will be opposite each other-that is, if there are six magnets used, they will be divided into two sets of three each, and each set of three will be divided, two being on one side 'of wheel, and one opposite to them; and if any other number of magnets is used, so that a half of that number is an even number, then this half will have an equal number of magnets opposite each other inthe same set.

In Fig. (i is shown the device for reversing the motion of the armature-wheel. The com- IOO inutator l-I is loosely attached to the central post, G, by the insulating-bushing L. IlI is a lever attached to the coniniutator by the insulatin g-bushing T. N is a segmental bracket attached to central post, C, and revolving with it. In the edge ol' the bracket are two slots, s and o, in which tit the proj ections from lever )'I. This projection extends downwardly from le ver 'M innnediately over the segmental bracket X, to lit into the slots o and s in the segmental bracket, as shown in Fig. 5. The lever llI is placed in notch o.- rIhis arranges the comunirator II with respect to the switch I) so that the armatures approach the toes of the magnets. Vhen the lever M is placed in notch s, the commutator is arranged with respect to the switch so that the armatures approach the heels, and the motion ol' the armature-wheel is reversed, which is desirable under many circumstances. The commutator H is provided at its periphery with alternate cams equal in number to the number of armatures.

It will he observed that the operation et' my :motor is to place one set ot' magnets in the circuit, which magnets attract the armatures facing them toward thetoes ot' the pole-extensions and along their t'acin sides until they approach the licei, when, by means ofthe switch I and commutator H, the circuit is changed to the other set, and in turn this set attracts the armatures facing its magnets in the saine inanner as the tirst set, and thus the revolution of the arinature-wheel is completed. vThis a rrangement of the magnets by dividing thorn into sets, as previously shown, gives a balancing-power ou each side of central post, C, and as the electric power reaches out to attract the armatures `facing the magnets, it has a tendency to equalize lateral pressure on the central post, C, and when the number of magnets are 'an equal number in cach set, as herein described, the equalization ol' the lateral strain is nearly or quite complete. I have shown only six magnets in the drawings. I do not confine myself to this number, as I can use any number desired.

I claimn l. As an article of manufacture, a horseshoe-magnet having angular poleextensions l', and, in addition to the ordinary end attractive surface, having three attractive tapering surfaces on each pole, substantially as shown.

2. In an electric motor, the combination ol" the Eshaped armature and the horseshoe-mag net provided with angular poleextensions, and said extensions also provided with three attraetive surfaces in addition to the end sur l'aces, substantially as shown.

In an electriemotor, the combination ol' the E-shapcd armature and the horseslloe-n1ugnet provided with angularI poleextensions, and three attractive surfaces in addition to the end surface, so that the upper and lower arms ot' E-shaped armature will pass above and be low the angular polefextcnsions, and the central extension ot" armature will pass between them, substantially as shown and described.

et. In a-n electric motorhaving magnets with angular polar extensions, and each polar cx tension having three attractive surfaces, the combination ol'the magnets arranged in two sets, one set opposite the other, and the eentral post, Ll, between them, whereby the electric force reaching out to attract the facing armatures is exerted at or near opposite points on the armature-wheel, and thus in a manner tending to relieve the central post ol' lateral strain, as and for the purpose shown.

Witnesses:

A. A. Gnirrrrn, J. A. (lmvmqs. 

